Analysis Of Human Peripheral Lymphocytes Research Articles

Cytogenetic analysis of coke oven workers in Eastern Slovakia.

Our study aimed to evaluate the extent of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in coke oven workers from Eastern Slovakia by cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes. A total of 81 peripheral blood samples were collected from PAH-exposed workers (mean age 45.84 ± 9.73 years) and 30 samples constituted the control group (41.93 ± 15.39 years). The samples were processed using routine cytological analysis. Conventional cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes has been used to evaluate the effects of PAHs. Comparison of the aberrant cells in the total exposed with the controls showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). A high level of significance (p < 0.001) was observed when comparing the gaps between the exposed group and the control group. There was a significant difference (p < 0.01) in aberrant cells and chromatid breaks (p < 0.05) in the GR1 working subgroup compared with the control group. The results of the correlation analysis did not show a significant relationship between the length of occupational exposure and the frequency of aberrant cells (r = 0.071, p = 0.529). Similarly, no association was observed between smoking among coke plant workers and the frequency of aberrant cells (r = 0.117, p = 0.538). Cytogenetic analysis showed an increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations in coke oven workers in Eastern Slovakia.

The results of interconnection of the evidence of professional exposure to genotoxic factors (regex) and cancer registry in the Czech Republic.

The aim of this study is to analyze the genotoxic risks in the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic and assess the significance of genotoxic factors in the etiology of cancer by bringing together the Registry of Occupational Exposure to Genotoxic Factors and the Cancer Registry and compare the rate of detected cancer in persons exposed to genotoxic factors via their work in the Moravian-Silesian Region with the occurrence of cancer in the population of the Czech Republic. The results show: (a) For the monitored group (748 person) for the period 1996-2008, according to gender, was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of oncological diseases compared to the population of the Czech Republic. (b) But statistically significant difference was found in the cases of oncological diseases in groups according to % AB.C. using the Cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes (CAPL). The highest incidence was in the group with a higher incidence of % AB.C. High values of % AB.C. may predict the development of oncological diseases.

Effect of acrylate chemistry on human health.

The prospective cohort study of 1992-1999 describes the effect of occupational exposure to chemical substances in the production of acrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and acrylate dispersions at the various workplaces of one chemical plant. Exposure to selected chemicals (acrylonitrile, n-butanol, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, toluene, and styrene) was determined by personal passive dosimetry (GC/MS method). The annual examinations included general health, by guided interview, a general medical examination, hematological and biochemical examinations, examination of the parameters of serum immunity and selected tumor markers, and spirometry. The authors also repeatedly performed cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes. The authors followed a group of 120 employees (60 exposed, 60 controls), mean age 40+/-8 years in both groups, with average period of exposure to chemicals (exposed group) 13+/-5 years. The measured concentrations of chemicals in the working atmosphere were generally low; maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) values or suggested limits of certain chemicals were occasionally exceeded (most frequently for butyl acrylate). The results of the examination of the workers over the 8 years have not revealed any marked differences between the exposed and control groups that could be attributable solely to the acrylate exposure. Exposure to chemical substances at the workplace was relatively low, the limits being exceeded only sporadically (each such case was investigated at the workplace), and the level of exposure continues to decrease gradually over the years. Considering the fact that the exposed individuals are expected to work for 23 additional years on average, we feel that long-term monitoring of selected health-related parameters, not including tumor markers, appears desirable. The examination of tumor markers has not contributed to the problem evaluation for a number of false-positive results.

Evaluation of the mutagenic effect of the new fungicide trimorphamide

The new Czechoslovak fungicide trimorphamide was tested for its mutagenic activity. To evaluate the potential mutagenic effects on Drosophila, trimorphamide at 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0% was administered into the cultivation medium, and the sex-linked recessive lethal mutation detection test and the chromosome nondisjunction test were used. After administration of trimorphamide to mice at 60, 150 and 300 mg · kg -1 b.w. perorally, and 30, 70 and 150 mg · kg -1 b.w. intraperitoneally in single and repeated (5×) doses, a cytogenetic analysis of chromosomal aberrations in bone-marrow cells was performed. The cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes for chromosomal aberrations in vitro was performed 24 h after trimorphamide had been applied into the culture in concentrations 19.1 × 10 -3, 19.1 × 10 -4 and 19.1 × 10 -5 M. Under our testing conditions the trimorphamide concentrations used did not show any mutagenic effect upon Drosophila, compared with the controls. Also, under the conditions of the cytogenetic analysis, no significant increase in the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in mouse bone marrow or in human peripheral lymphocyte was observed compared with the group of controls.

Mutagenicity studies with nitrofurans: III. Mutagenicity testing of nitrofurylacrylic acid in human blood and urine

Human blood and urine mutagenicity of 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylic acid (5-NFA) was analysed by using Salmonella typhimurium indicator strains TA100 and TA98 and the cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes. 8 human volunteers were given doses of 1 g 5-NFA per os. The mutagenic effect in blood was analysed after 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 h, in urine after 0, 2 and 4 h. Cytogenetic analysis was done 0, 24 and 72 h after administration of 5-NFA. The experiment was repeated with 3 volunteers in the course of 96 h. When each of 8 volunteers consumed 1 g of 5-NFA, the mutagenicity was observed in 6 blood samples 1 h after exposure for strain TA98 (doubled number of revertants) and in all urine samples taken between the 2nd and 6th hours for both strains used. 7 volunteers given 10 mg 5-NFA in wine (2 sets) showed no mutagenicity of blood or urine for TA100 or TA98 indicator strains. These results are believed to indicate an enhanced elimination of 5-NFA from the human body.

Mutagenicity studies with nitrofurans: I. Mutagenicity of nitrofurylacrylic acid for mammals

Cytogenetic analysis of mouse bone-marrow cells, the dominant lethal test in mice and the cytogenetic analysis of human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro were used to study the mutagenicity of 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylic acid (5-NFA) for mammals. The bone-marrow cytogenetic analysis was performed in female mice exposed to 5-NFA administered intraperitoneally in single doses of 15–120 mg/kg and in 5 repeated doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg, intragastrically in single doses of 30–240 mg/kg and 5 repeated doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg, and perorally for 12 weeks to 5-NFA concentrations of 10, 100 and 1000 mg 5-NFA/l in drinking water. The bone-marrow analysis was performed in this case after 12 days, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks exposure. No increase in chromosome damage attributable to dosing with 5-NFA occurred in any of these experiments. Experiments in which mice were exposed to 5-NFA in drinking water for 12 weeks and then treated with a single i.p. dose of 2 mg of the mutagen TEPA [tris-(1-aziridinyl)phosphine oxide] per kg revealed that, at a concentration of 1000 mg 5-NFA/l, the clastogenic activity of TEPA was reduced to that in untreated animals. The dominant lethal test was performed in male mice exposed to 5-NFA applied intraperitoneally in single doses of 40–120 mg/kg and in 5 repeated doses of 10–30 mg/kg, intragastrically in 5 repeated doses of 20–60 mg/kg, and perorally for 4 weeks in drinking water containing 5-NFA at concentrations of 10, 100, 316 and 1000 mg/l. No significant differences were detected between the exposed and control groups of animals. Experiments in which male mice were exposed to 5-NFA in drinking water and treated after the 4-week exposure to 5-NFA with 1 mg TEPA/kg revealed that a concentration of 1000 mg 5-NFA/l reduced TEPA-induced dominant lethality to within control values. A reduction in male fertility was observed after the single or these results on microorganisms and the limited possibility of their direct extrapolation to mammals, it may be concluded that, in view of negative results on the mammalian level, there is no indication for genetic risk from 5-NFA for man. The results suggest that it may be safe to accept 0.1 mg 5-NFA/kg as the tentatively permissible maximal daily intake. Next, experiments should clear up the metabolism of 5-NFA in the organism, its effects on the repair of induced genetic damage and especially the finding of a possible antimutagenic effect.